Write an XML document that contains the following information: your name. Your email address. Your student number. Your home town. Your date of birth. Choose appropriate tags. Use Attributes for the date of birth.
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<student>
<name>Mihai</name>
<surname>Rotaru</surname>
<email>MR917@live.mdx.ac.uk</email>
<student_id>M00292261</student_id>
<home_town>Iasi</home_town>
<date_of_birth day="16" month="August" year="1988"></date_of_birth>
</student>Have a look at the XML document below. Identify all the syntax errors.
<?xml version= “1.0” ?>
<!DOCTYPE countryCollection SYSTEM "countryList.dtd">
<CountryList>
<Nations TotalNations =”3”/>
<!--Data from CIA --Year Book -->
<Country CountryCode=”1”>
<OfficialName>United States of America</officialName>
<Label>Common Names:</label>
<CommonName>United States</commonName>
<CommonName>U.S.</commonName>
<Label>Capital:</capital>
<Capital cityNum=”1”>Washington, D.C. </label>
<2ndCity cityNum=”2”>New York </2ndCity>
<Label>Major Cities:</label>
<MajorCity cityNum=”3”>Los Angeles </majorCity>
<MajorCity cityNum=”4”>Chicago </majorCity>
<MajorCity cityNum=”5’>Dallas </majorCity>
<Label>Bordering Bodies of Water:</label>
<BorderingBodyOfWater> Atlantic Ocean </borderingBodyOfWater>
<BorderingBodyOfWater> Pacific Ocean </borderingBodyOfWater>
<BorderingBodyOfWater> Gulf of Mexico </borderingBodyOfWater>
<Label>Bordering Countries:</label>
<BorderingCountry CountryCode=”1”> Canada </borderingCountry>
<BorderingCountry CountryCode =”52”> Mexico </borderingCountry>
</country>
<Country CountryCode=”81”>
<OfficialName> Japan </officialName>
<Label>Common Names:</label>
<CommonName> Japan </commonName>
<Label>Capital:</label>
<Capital>Tokyo</capital cityNum=”1”>
<2ndCity cityNum=”2”>Osaka </2ndCity>
<Label>Major Cities:</label>
<MajorCity cityNum=”3”>Nagoya </majorCity>
<MajorCity cityNum=”4”>Osaka </majorCity>
<MajorCity cityNum=”5’>Kobe </majorCity>
<Label>Bordering Bodies of Water:</label>
<BorderingBodyOfWater>Sea of Japan </borderingBodyOfWater>
<BorderingBodyOfWater>Pacific Ocean </borderingBodyOfWater>
</country>
<Country CountryCode=”254”>
<OfficialName> Republic of Kenya </officialName>
<Label>Common Names:</label>
<CommonName> Kenya </commonName>
<Label>Capital:</label>
<Capital cityNum=’1’>Nairobi </capital>
<2ndCity cityNum=’2’>Mombasa</2ndCity>
<Label>Major Cities:</label>
<MajorCity cityNum=’3’>Mombasa </majorCity>
<MajorCity cityNum=’4’>Lamu </majorCity>
<MajorCity cityNum=’5’>Malindi </majorCity>
<MajorCity cityNum=’6’ cityNum=’7’>Kisumu-Kericho </majorCity>
<Label>Bordering Bodies of Water:</label>
<BorderingBodyOfWater <!--Also Lake Victoria --> > Indian Ocean </borderingBodyOfWater>
</country>
- wrong type of quotes used throughout the document; ASCII-type quotes should be used ( U+0022 and U+0027 ), instead of the directional quotation marks.
- The file “countryList.dtd” should be present in the same folder as the XML document, otherwise it cannot be a valid document
- The word following DOCTYPE must be the same as the root element
- one type of opening quote, different type used for closing on L17, L36
- a sequence of more than one dash characters is not allowed within comments ( L5 )
- On L7, the element “OfficialName” is terminated in the wrong casing, as “officialName”; it should be terminated as “</OfficialName>” – uppercase ‘O’, same as the starting tag.
- On L11, the <Label> element is opened, but for closing the </capital> tag is used; the closing tag should be </label>
- On L12, the <Capital> tag should have a matching </Capital> closing tag, instead of </Label>
- On L13, the element name “2ndCity” is invalid; element names must not begin with numbers (http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml/#NT-NameStartChar )
- Almost all elements in the document have incorrect ending tags – with the first letter in lowercase; the element name should be exactly the same, in both the starting and the ending tags.
- On L31, the ending tag of the “Capital” element has an attribute – which is illegal. The attribute should be moved in the starting tag.
- On L52, the “cityNum” attribute is listed twice for the “MajorCity” element; this is illegal, each attribute is allowed to appear only once ( http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml/#sec-starttags ).
- On L54, a comment appears inside markup; this is illegal (http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml/#sec-comments ), it should be moved outside the tag, into the element’s contents.
- The document should contain one root element, which must have starting and closing tags – so the “CountryList” element must be closed with it’s respective closing tag.
After correcting the errors, the following well-formed document results:
<?xml version= "1.0" ?>
<!--<!DOCTYPE countryCollection SYSTEM "countryList.dtd">-->
<CountryList>
<Nations TotalNations ="3"/>
<!--Data from CIA -Year Book -->
<Country CountryCode="1">
<OfficialName>United States of America</OfficialName>
<Label>Common Names:</Label>
<CommonName>United States</CommonName>
<CommonName>U.S.</CommonName>
<Label>Capital:</Label>
<Capital cityNum="1">Washington, D.C. </Capital>
<SecondCity cityNum="2">New York </SecondCity>
<Label>Major Cities:</Label>
<MajorCity cityNum="3">Los Angeles </MajorCity>
<MajorCity cityNum="4">Chicago </MajorCity>
<MajorCity cityNum="5">Dallas </MajorCity>
<Label>Bordering Bodies of Water:</Label>
<BorderingBodyOfWater> Atlantic Ocean </BorderingBodyOfWater>
<BorderingBodyOfWater> Pacific Ocean </BorderingBodyOfWater>
<BorderingBodyOfWater> Gulf of Mexico </BorderingBodyOfWater>
<Label>Bordering Countries:</Label>
<BorderingCountry CountryCode="1"> Canada </BorderingCountry>
<BorderingCountry CountryCode ="52"> Mexico </BorderingCountry>
</Country>
<Country CountryCode="81">
<OfficialName> Japan </OfficialName>
<Label>Common Names:</Label>
<CommonName> Japan </CommonName>
<Label>Capital:</Label>
<Capital cityNum="1">Tokyo</Capital>
<SecondCity cityNum="2">Osaka </SecondCity>
<Label>Major Cities:</Label>
<MajorCity cityNum="3">Nagoya </MajorCity>
<MajorCity cityNum="4">Osaka </MajorCity>
<MajorCity cityNum="5">Kobe </MajorCity>
<Label>Bordering Bodies of Water:</Label>
<BorderingBodyOfWater>Sea of Japan </BorderingBodyOfWater>
<BorderingBodyOfWater>Pacific Ocean </BorderingBodyOfWater>
</Country>
<Country CountryCode="254">
<OfficialName> Republic of Kenya </OfficialName>
<Label>Common Names:</Label>
<CommonName> Kenya </CommonName>
<Label>Capital:</Label>
<Capital cityNum='1'>Nairobi </Capital>
<SecondCity cityNum='2'>Mombasa</SecondCity>
<Label>Major Cities:</Label>
<MajorCity cityNum='3'>Mombasa </MajorCity>
<MajorCity cityNum='4'>Lamu </MajorCity>
<MajorCity cityNum='5'>Malindi </MajorCity>
<MajorCity cityNum='6'>Kisumu-Kericho </MajorCity>
<Label>Bordering Bodies of Water:</Label>
<BorderingBodyOfWater > <!--Also Lake Victoria -->Indian Ocean</BorderingBodyOfWater>
</Country>
</CountryList>
